Holarctic Marmots as a factor of Biodiversity.
Rumiantsev V.Yu;, Nikol'skii A.A. & Brandler O.V. eds.,
Abstracts, 3d Conference on Marmots (Cheboksary, Russia, 25-30 August 1997),
Moscow ABF 1997, 216p. : 193-194.


INTERSTITIAL ENDOCRINOCYTES (LEYDIG CELLS) OF MARMOTS - LIGHT-OPTICAL AND ULTRASTRUCTURAL DESCRIPTION


N.N. Shevljuk, A.A. Stadnikov

Department of Histology and Embriology, State Medical Academy, Orenburg, Russia


Testicles of the 73 marmots had been investigated in the period from the begining of April to the middle of August, were using histological, histochemistry, morphometric and electrone microscopy procedures. Discovered that capacity of the interstitial tissue in the marmots testicules considerable to vary depending on the different periods of reproductive antivity. Lowermost content of the interstitial tissues cells in this organ is revealed in early Aprils dayes, at once animals going out on the land surface after hibernation. In this period is fall to the share of the interstitial tissue from 15.1 2.3% to 30.8 3.67% and seminal convoluted tubeles (tubuli semeniferi contorti). Interstitial tissue occupy more than half part of the structural organs capacity during the period of most oppression of the reproductive activity (ending of May - beginning of June). Significantly, interstitial tissue of the marmots genitales are charasterized by low contents of the connective tissue stromal elements during all periods of the observation (from April to August).

Endocrinocytes population of the marmots testicules is characterized by the heteromorphology during all periods of our observation. Roundish, oval and polygonal cells with average volume, developed cytoplasm and large nucleus forming the basis of this population.Volumes of the celles nuclei were more vare from 102.5 6.1 mkm3 to 198.4 8.6 mkm3. The diameter of the roundish cell averenged 16-20 mkm; lenth of the ovoid and polygonal cells were about 16-22 mkm and their width were about 10-14 mkm. Endocrynocytes had been large volume at the early April, but at the end of May their volume were out decreasing in 1.5-2 times; so since the end of the June and beginning of August had been observed again the rise of the cell and nuclei volume up to the level about it had been noted in April. During the spring-summer times, number of the testicular endocrinocytes differes in marmots had been caugh in different mounth. Most number existed in the beginning of April. After that it decreased with minimum in May and then this index increased. Obviously, endocrinocytes population remains by differentiation of the low-differentiating endocrinocyte precursors, because we were not revealed the mitosis. The basis of the population of the
testicle endocrinocytes forms by mature and functionalty active Leydig cells, which prevailes during all periods of investigation (with the exception of May ending and June beginning). In the cytoplasm of mature Leidig cells, smooth endoplasmatic reticulum (SER) - the main structure in the steroid hormonal synthesis - is represented by vesicular strucrures, has been uniformly distribute among the cytoplasm. Degree of its development varies during the spring-summer times and maximum of their (SER) volume coincides with the maximum volume of the organotypical cells.

Electrone microscopical investigations are indicated on numerous mitochondrias, with tubular or lammelar crists. Often reveals large electronic dence lipid droplets. During all periods of the observation in marmotes Leydig cells are obtained the argentoffine granules. Its containes more high during Jule-August, than in April. Carring out of the analysis evidences histo- and organotypical potencies of the endocrinocytes and interstional structures of marmotes testis had been demonstrated both of common priciples histogenesis and specific pecularities of marmots Leydigs cells.



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