Holarctic Marmots as a factor of Biodiversity.
Rumiantsev V.Yu;, Nikol'skii A.A. & Brandler O.V. eds.,
Abstracts, 3d Conference on Marmots (Cheboksary, Russia, 25-30 August 1997),
Moscow ABF 1997, 216p., 50-51 (Russian), 155 (English).


REACTIVITY OF GREY MARMOTS DERMA WITH PARASITISM OF TICKS LARVAE AND NIMPHS


Yu.S. Kalyagin*, A.D. Polyakov**

* Kemerovo State University,
** Kemerovo Agricultural Institute, Kemerovo, Russia


Morphological changes dynamics in grey marmots derma with different arthropods parasitisms is of definite scientific interest, especially with tick parasitism, as it throws light on analysis of mechanism and means of natural focal infection transmission from arthropods to mammals and vice versa.

Reactivity of grey marmots derma with parasitism of tiks larvae and nymphs has been studied on different ages animals being caught under natural conditions of forest steppe of Kemerovo region.

The pieces of tissue from belly with sucked ticks on them were fixed in 10% formalin and were treated according to the standard methods (pieces washing from formalin, dehydration, covering with paraffin and cutting on microtome). Eyelids, lips and ears - the usual places of ticks sucking on small maaunals were free from ticks. The sections with thickness of 8-10 micrometers were being coloured by hematoxylin-eosin.

The ticks larvae and nymphs parasitism begins with mechanical destruction of grey marmots derma by ticks oral cavities and with the forming of peculiar fixative apparatus (so called "cement etui") which is being formed from indurated saliva of larvae and nymphs and it keeps them well on the animals derma during bloodsuction process of many days.

On early staqes of larvae and nymphs bloodsuction considerable inflammatory infiltration is not to be observed in grey marmots derma. Perhaps it is bound up with saliva characteristics to detain inflammatory process cominq and to secure free process of blood suction and the exchange by infections organisms. The phenomenon is to be observed both in single separate larvae and nymphs parasitism and in plural one in different combinations (larva-larva, nympha-nympha, larvanympha), for all that age and sex of animal was not of particular importance.

The next stages of larvae and nymphs parasitism are characterized by emergence of weak (with larvae parasitism) and moderate (with nymphs parasitism) inflammatory infiltration in wound defect place, infiltration being accumulated by the end of parasitism. Perhaps it is bound up with lowerinq and subsequent stopping of secretory activity of larvae and nymphs salivary glands. At the same time the animation of regeneration process in epithelial derma is to be observed together with inflammatory process.

By the end of larvae and nymphs parasitism regeneration process, promoting passivevfalling larvae and nymphs away from grey marmots derma has been developed. Both inflammatory and regeneration processes are of local and adaptive nature with different combinations of parasitizing larvae and nymphs, it permits us to consider the formed system "parasite-host" strong enough.



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